Which component is the system of rules by which words and phrases are arranged to make meaningful statements, including how word order marks grammatical functions?

Which component is the system of rules by which words and phrases are arranged to make meaningful statements, including how word order marks grammatical functions?

• A. Semantics
• B. Grammar
• C. Pragmatics
• D. Morphology

Answer: (B)

Grammar is the system that governs how words and phrases are arranged to make meaningful statements and how word order signals grammatical functions. It includes syntax—the rules for ordering subjects, verbs, and objects, and how words agree with each other, as well as how tense and other grammatical features are shown through word forms. Semantics focuses on meaning itself, not the rules of arrangement. Pragmatics deals with language use in context and intent. Morphology looks at the internal form of words—roots and affixes—rather than sentence structure. For example, the typical English order of subject then verb then object helps us understand who is performing the action and what’s being done.

Grammar is the system that governs how words and phrases are arranged to make meaningful statements and how word order signals grammatical functions. It includes syntax—the rules for ordering subjects, verbs, and objects, and how words agree with each other, as well as how tense and other grammatical features are shown through word forms. Semantics focuses on meaning itself, not the rules of arrangement. Pragmatics deals with language use in context and intent. Morphology looks at the internal form of words—roots and affixes—rather than sentence structure. For example, the typical English order of subject then verb then object helps us understand who is performing the action and what’s being done.